❶ 濂寵呮壒鍙戣揣婧愬摢閲屽ソ鍙堜究瀹
01鐧介┈鏈嶈呮壒鍙戝競鍦
騫垮窞鐧介┈鏈嶈呮壒鍙戝競鍦烘槸騫垮窞鏈澶х殑鏈嶈呮壒鍙戝競鍦猴紝涓昏佷互鎴愮啛濂寵呬負涓伙紝浠鋒牸杈冮珮錛屾懼紡澶氭牱銆傝繖閲屾湁鍘傚跺吋钀ュ啓瀛楁ゼ鍜屾繪壒鍙戱紝鏍峰紡鍜岃川閲忛兘姣旇緝濂姐傚箍宸炵殑鏈嶈呬駭涓氶摼瀹屽杽錛屼粠璁捐°侀潰鏂欍佸姞宸ャ佸垎閿銆佺墿嫻佺瓑鏂歸潰閮芥槸鍏朵粬鍦版柟涓嶅彲姣旀嫙鐨勩傚洜姝わ紝濡傛灉鎯蟲壘濂寵呮壒鍙戣揣婧愶紝鍙浠ヨ冭檻鍘誨箍宸炵櫧椹鏈嶈呮壒鍙戝競鍦恆
02鏉宸炲コ瑁呮壒鍙戝競鍦
鏉宸炲コ瑁呮壒鍙戝競鍦烘槸濂寵呮壒鍙戣揣婧愮殑濂藉湴鏂廣傚洓瀛ｉ潚甯傚満鏄鏉宸炰富瑕佺殑濂寵呮壒鍙戝競鍦猴紝鍒涘姙浜1989騫達紝浣嶄簬嫻欐睙鐪佹澀宸炲競娓呮嘲絝嬩氦妗ヤ笢鍫嶆澀嫻瘋礬銆傛澀宸炲洓瀛ｉ潚甯傚満鏄闃塊噷宸村反鎴樼暐緇撶洘鐨勫湴鏂癸紝娣樺疂涓婄殑濂寵呮澀媧懼コ瑁呮槸鍔涘帇綺ゆ淳濂寵呯殑錛屼笌闃塊噷澶ф湰钀ュ叧緋誨緢澶с傛ゅ栵紝鏉宸炶繕鏈変腑鏄熷栬錘鏈嶉グ鍩庛佸父闈掓剰娉曟湇楗板煄銆侀緳緲旀湇楗板煄鍜屾澀媧劇簿鍝佹湇瑁呭競鍦虹瓑銆傝櫧鐒惰勬ā鍜屼漢姘斾笉濡傚洓瀛ｉ潚甯傚満錛屼絾鏉宸炲コ瑁呮壒鍙戝競鍦烘湁鐫鐙鏍戜竴甯滅殑浼樺娍錛屾湭鏉ュ彂灞曠┖闂翠篃寰堝ぇ銆
03姝︽眽濂寵呮壒鍙戝競鍦
姝︽眽濂寵呮壒鍙戝競鍦烘槸鍗庝腑鍦板尯鏆ㄦ箹鍖楃渷鏈澶х殑鍝佺墝鏈嶈呮壒鍙戝競鍦恆傝繖閲屾湁涓浣庢。鍟嗗搧涓轟富錛岄庢牸浼戦棽鍝佺墝涓轟富錛屼環鏍煎湪100鍏冨乏鍙熾傛眽媧懼コ瑁呮槸鎺掑湪綺ゆ淳濂寵呬箣鍚庣殑絎涓綰у姏閲忥紝浠ユ眽姝ｈ楁渶涓洪椈鍚嶃傞暱奼熶互鍖楀ぇ閮ㄥ垎妗ｅ彛鐨勬夋湇閮芥潵鑷姝︽眽銆傜櫧椹鏄寤虹珛鏈鏃╃殑鎵瑰彂甯傚満錛屼互涓浣庣璐т負涓匯傚簱鐜涘競鍦烘。嬈℃瘮鐧介┈楂樹竴浜涳紝浠ユ睙嫻欏巶瀹跺搧鐗岃揣涓轟富銆傛︽眽闄や簡鐧介┈錛岃繕鏈夊簱鐜涖佸ぇ澶硅楁湇瑁呮壒鍙戝競鍦恆佹眽鍙ｅ寳鏈嶈呮壒鍙戝煄銆佸氱忓晢鍩庣瓑涓嶉敊鐨勮揣婧愩
04鍗佷笁琛屾壒鍙戝競鍦
鍗佷笁琛屾壒鍙戝競鍦烘槸鍘嗗彶鎮犱箙鐨勬湇瑁呮壒鍙戦泦鏁ｅ湴錛屾瘡澶╄繘鍑鴻揣鐗╀笂鍗冨惃錛屼漢嫻侀噺闈炲父澶с傚競鍦轟富瑕佺粡钀ョ殑鏈嶈呮湁絝ヨ呫佺敺瑁呫佸コ瑁呫佽繍鍔ㄦ湇瑁呫佺潯琛ｃ佹棩闊╂湇瑁呫佺憺涓芥湇瑁呯瓑澶氱嶅悕鐗屾湇瑁咃紝鏈嶈呯嶇被榻愬叏銆傚嶮涓夎屽晢鍦堜腑絝璐т負涓伙紝浠鋒牸閫備腑錛屾懼紡鏂幫紝鏄鎯沖仛璐ㄩ噺璐т腑楂樼瀹氫綅鐨勫簵閾虹殑棣栭夎繘璐ф笭閬撱傚悓鏃訛紝鍗佷笁琛屽晢鍦堣繕鍖呮嫭鏂頒腑鍥藉ぇ鍘︺佺孩閬嶅ぉ澶у帵銆佷笢鏂圭孩澶у帵銆佹晠琛ｈ楃瓑錛屾。鍙ｇ熼噾濂囬珮錛屼環鏍間究瀹滀竴鍗婅繕澶氥
❷ 鐧介┈鏈嶈呮壒鍙戝競鍦虹櫧椹鏈嶈呮壒鍙戝競鍦轟紭鍔
鐧介┈鏈嶈呮壒鍙戝競鍦轟綅浜庡箍宸炲競鐨勪氦閫氭牳蹇冨尯鍩燂紝緔ч偦絝欏崡璺錛屼笌騫垮窞鐏杞︾珯鏃犵紳瀵規帴錛屽叾浼樿秺鐨勪綅緗涓哄晢瀹跺拰欏懼㈡彁渚涗簡鏋佸ぇ鐨勪究鍒┿
甯傚満鐨勪氦閫氭瀬鍏跺彂杈撅紝涓嶄粎榪炴帴鐏杞︾珯錛岃繕鏈夌渷奼借濺絝欍佹祦鑺辮濺絝欏拰騫垮窞甯傛苯杞︾珯錛屽懆杈逛氦閫氱綉緇滃洓閫氬叓杈撅紝姣忔棩鍚稿紩鏁頒竾浜烘＄殑浜烘祦錛屼負鍟嗕笟媧誨姩鎻愪緵浜嗘簮婧愪笉鏂鐨勬椿鍔涖
鍛ㄨ竟鍟嗕笟鐜澧冧赴瀵岋紝綰㈡夋壒鍙戝競鍦恆佹ユラ珮甯傚満鍜屽ぉ椹甯傚満絳変紬澶氬競鍦虹幆緇曪紝鍏卞悓鏋勫緩浜嗙箒鑽ｇ殑鍟嗕笟姘涘洿銆傚競鍦哄唴浜ゆ槗鏂瑰紡鐏墊椿澶氭牱錛屽寘鎷鎵瑰彂闆跺敭銆佺湅鏍蜂笅鍗曘佷笓鍗栦唬鐞嗗拰榪為攣鍔犵洘絳夛紝浠ユ弧瓚充笉鍚屽晢瀹剁殑闇奼傘
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鐧介┈鏈嶈呭競鍦烘槸鐢卞箍宸炲競鍩庡競寤鴻懼紑鍙戦泦鍥㈡姇璧勫緩璁撅紝甯傚満浣嶄簬緔ч偦騫垮窞鐏杞︾珯鐨勭珯鍗楄礬錛岀幇鏈夊緩絳戦潰縐60000騫蟲柟綾籌紝鍏10灞傦紝鏈4灞傚晢鍦猴紝5灞傚啓瀛楁ゼ錛1灞傚湴涓嬪仠杞﹀満銆傚箍宸炵櫧椹鏈嶈呭競鍦哄紑鍔炰簬1993騫達紝鐢卞箍宸炵櫧椹鏈嶈呭競鍦烘湁闄愬叕鍙哥粡钀ョ＄悊銆傚競鍦洪厤緗涓澶絀鴻皟銆佸㈣揣鐢墊銆佸畨鍏ㄧ洃鎺х郴緇熴佹秷闃茬郴緇熴佸藉甫緗戠瓑鐜頒唬璁炬柦銆傚晢鍦鴻呴グ緹庤傦紝閫氶亾瀹芥暈錛岄檮璁炬椂瑁呰〃婕斿箍鍦恆佸偍钃勬墍銆佸晢鍔′腑蹇冦佹墭榪愮珯銆佸仠杞﹀満銆佸揩槨愬簵絳夐厤濂楁湇鍔¤炬柦銆